Allama Iqbal
taruf
Doctor Allama Muhammad Iqbal 9 november 1877 ko Sialcoat mein payda howay. In kay abao-ajdad kashmiri Barhamun thy. Jo starwein sadi iswin mein Musalman howay thay. Walid ka nam Shair Noor Muhammad tha jo bary khuda tars ebadat guzar thay. Waleda b nahiyat naaik or perhaiz gar khatoon theen. In ki tarbyat ka Iqbal par bara gahra asar howa.
Allama Iqbal ny ibtadai talyam , qrym trz ka diny maktab mein hasil ki or phr Sialcoat ka meshan high school se matire k amtahan amtayaz ka sath pass kya.
School mein Iqbal ko molve mer hsan alsey faazl or shfyaq astad ki shagrde k fakar hasil howay or inho nay Iqbal mein arabic , farsee or alm – o- hekmt k aisa zoq payda kar dya k wo tamam umar esee zoq say sirsar rhay. F.A k amtahan inho ny saykog meshan college Sialcoat se pass kiya or mazde talyam ka lya Government College Lahore mein dahela ly lya. Yahan Iqbal ko profsir arnld jase msfq or moq astad me lay. In ki talyam ny Iqbal ka zahan ko falsefnay jla bashe or in mein falsey k saf suthra zoq payda kar dya . Government College say B.A karny ka bad Iqbal ny M.A falsey mein dahela lya or University mein aval aay.
M. A karny ky bar wo pahlay or Natyl College mein falsafa or tareki ky profsir rhy or phr kchh arsa Government College mein falsafa or angarezi perhatay rhay. In ky sfyq -o-mtahrm astad arnld apny ahade se retire ho kar 1904 mein wapes angstan chlay gaye thay. Iqbal ko jaha in ky fayz sahbat se mahrom ho jany ka qalq tha , wahyan mazed talyam hasil karny ka shoq bhi tha. Chonacha wo 1905 mein aaly talyam hasil karny k lay angstan chalay gaye.
Angstan se anhon ny byr stri ki dgree lei or myonkh University [jrman] se ”Ayran mein falsafa maabar al baiyat ka artqa ” k mozoo pre mqalh lekh kar P.H.D ki dgree hasil kar kay 1908 mein watan wapes aay.
Yorep se wapese pre Iqbal mohtasir arse ky liya Government College Lahore mein falsafa ky profsir rahae laekin bar mein wakalt shuro karde js ka silsla 1934 tak qaim rha.
Yorep mein Iqbal ki azmat ka ahasa hkawmat bataniya brtania ko hoa to 1922 mein as ny anhayn ”sir ” ka khtaba deya . 1926 mein Iqbal majales qanoon saz punjab ky rkan montanb hoye. 1930 mein anhon ny kla hind muslim ling ky salana ajalas montakb aala aabad mein apna tarekey khtba deya or muslim hind ky liya ayak alayda watan ka tasawar paysh kiya js ki bna pre anhyn Pakistan ky tasawar ka khalq or Pakistan ka qomi shaar tasalm kya jata hai.
1931 mein Iqbal goal mayaz kanfarans mein shrkat ky liya Angstan gaya or wapesi pr rom or mesir ka safar kiya .1932 mein tisari goal mayaz ka kanfarans mein shrkat ky liya phr Angstan ka safar kiya or wapesi pr hsanya ki sayasat ki .
In ki mashor nazm ”Masjid Qrtba ” ise safar ki yadagar hy. 1933 mein wo Nadir Shah wa liya Afghanistan ki dawta pre Afghanistan gaya. Is safar mein Syed Sulaiman nadvi or sirras masawd [ Sir Syed Ahmed ky potay ] in ky sath thay. Is safar mein anhon ny hakim sonyi or sultan mahmwd ky mzarta pre hasre de .
Omer ky ahre salon mein Iqbal ki sehat hrab rhny law gee thai . 1935 mein wo brqe alaj ky liya bhopal gaye . Nawab ullah khan wa liya bhopal ny panch so ropay mamore wazfa moqr kr dya tha jas ky bais wo wakalat ky jachjat se by nayaz hoya thay . blakhir malk hakiqae ka bolawa aa pohncha or wo 21 april 1938 ko as jahan fane se roksata ho gaye . Bashahi Masjid Lahore ky pahalo mein serihion ky qreyb in ka mzar hai.
Khsoseyat – e – Klam
Iqbal ny apni shayari ka agaz rawayti tor pre gazal goi se kya tha. Wo doran talyam hi mein Lahore ki aadabi mahflown mein sharek ho kr dadtsaen hasil krny lagy thay . In ki ayk ibtadia gazal ka ye share kas ton pre chonka dny wala tha.
moti samjh ky shan krymi ny chun lay
qatary jo thay mary arq anfaal ky
Fan or zuban sekhany ky lay anhon ny as daor ky sab se maqbol gazal go Dagh ki shagardi aktyar ki or as daor mein Dagh ky rang mein nahyta gazalay khi. Bar mein jb inhayi ajman hmaet Islam ky salana jalsano ky liya qme mozuat pre nazmein likhny ky moaq melay to wo nazm goi ki trf mahil ho gaye .Iqbal ki shayari ka ye pahlay dor tha jo 1901 tak pahla ho hai . As dor mein wo watan presti or qarti manazr ky dldada nazar aty hain . As dor mein wo ahal watan ko nafaq tasab or tang nasari se bachny ki talqyn krty hain or basa nazmon mein hakmat ,falsafa or taurf ki jahlkyan bhi dakhai dyti hain .
Iqbal ki shayari ka dosara dor 1905 se 1908 tak ka hai jbky wo alay talyam ky liya yorb gaye hoye thae . As dor mein anhon ny ahal marb ki madi tahzyb ka qryb se mashari kya or masao kya ky ye by khuda tahzyb bani noa insan ky rokani or aklaqi zwal ak pshya khmay hai . Wo in aoqb se bhi kof zda thay jo or khas tor pre alm Islam ko as tahzyb ki taqlyr se phsn a sakty thay .
Inho ny washgaf lfaz mein alayn kya ka as tahzyb ki jaray khokhli hain or ye ak roz apny khjar se ap hi kod kshi kary ge . chonach inho ny ahal islam ko islame rawayat ka daman tahamny ki tarf tawaja dalahi shor ki . As dor ki shayari agarch mtazr hain lakin ak dkhy hoya dil ki pakcar hai. As main gam -o- alm or sozo garaz hai .
